The Irish government is set to introduce major reforms to the country’s asylum laws, aiming to streamline the process and make it more efficient. These changes are part of a broader effort to address the challenges within the current system and ensure quicker decision-making for asylum applications.
Minister for Justice Jim O’Callaghan has announced that the new legislation, known as the International Protection Bill 2025, will replace the existing 2015 Act. One of the most significant changes is the introduction of a three-month time limit for making decisions on international protection applications. This is intended to reduce the lengthy waiting times that have plagued the system.
Additionally, the new rules will limit the use of oral hearings for appeals. This measure aims to expedite the appeals process and deliver final decisions more quickly. For the first time, the legislation will allow officers to directly issue decisions on returns, replacing the current system where recommendations are made to the Minister for Justice.
The reforms are expected to make it tougher for asylum seekers to appeal if their applications are rejected. This has raised concerns among human rights groups and advocates for asylum seekers, who argue that the changes could limit access to fair hearings and due process.
The government, however, maintains that the reforms are necessary to address inefficiencies and ensure that genuine asylum seekers receive protection in a timely manner. The new measures are also seen as a response to the significant decrease in international protection applications, which have dropped by 42% in the first three months of 2025 compared to the same period last year.
Taoiseach MicheĆ”l Martin has described the reform of Irish asylum laws as “the most significant in decades.” He emphasised that the changes are designed to streamline and accelerate the process, ensuring that decisions are made more efficiently.
TƔnaiste and Minister for Defence Simon Harris also highlighted the importance of the reforms. He noted that the current system is not working effectively, with decisions taking far too long. The new legislation is expected to address these issues and improve the overall functioning of the asylum process.
The government plans to implement the new legislation by mid-2026. In the meantime, there will be a period of consultation and review to ensure that the changes are effectively integrated into the existing system. The goal is to create a more efficient and fair asylum process that balances the need for timely decisions with the rights of asylum seekers.
